Rapports applications
Here you find all RETSCH Application Reports. Please click on one particular report to check its availability in other languages.
Broyer
Du plomb dans les jouets ? Un contrôle s’impose.Une grande partie des jouets vendus sur les marchés américains et européens est fabriquée en Chine. Or ceux-ci connaissent de vives critiques en ce qui concerne la qualité au vu de la présence de matières potentiellement dangereuses, susceptibles d’aboutir à des actions de rappel et réclamations de dommages et intérêts onéreuses. Plus les cas signalés sont nombreux, plus les consommateurs hésitent à acheter des articles venus de Chine, ce qui justifie donc un contrôle sans failles dans l’intérêt des fabricants. Depuis l’entrée en vigueur de la directive européenne RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances), la limitation de l’utilisation dans les biens de consommation de substances telles le plomb, le cadmium ou le mercure, est clairement réglementée.
Analysis of cadmium in plasticsIn recent years, mass media have focused on the topics of the environment and environmental conservation. With the advancement in scientific technology, resource development has progressed.
Bigger is not BetterThere is a trend towards smaller samples that have more controlled particle size and yet remain representative of the material being analyzed.
Cement - representative sample preparation is importantTo produce high-quality cement, the mineralogical and chemical composition of raw materials as well as intermediate and finished products has to be determined. At each stage of the production, samples have to be taken, processed and analysed to ensure quality control without gaps. Retsch offers a range of instruments that are used for sample preparation during the complete production process, from the quarrying of the raw materials to the final product. The typical sample preparation process involves preliminary size reduction, sample division and fine size reduction before the sample can be submitted to further analyses....
Consistent Milling on a Nano ScalePlanetary ball mills are helping scientists and engineers advance nanotechnology by providing a consistent way to produce nanoscale powders.
Cryogenic Preparation of Sample MaterialsWithin the context of sample preparation, size reduction plays an important role as it has a substantial influence on the results of the subsequent analysis. If the particles are too coarse or non-homogeneous the results of the analysis may turn out to be incorrect, especially if there is only a very small amount of sample material which represents the total amount.
Cryogenic disruption of yeast cellsThe MM 301 can be used for cell disruption applications. In this case, yeast cells were embrittled with liquid nitrogen.
Fast and Reproducible Sample Preparation with a Vibratory Disc MillThe Vibratory Disc Mill RS 200 from Retsch is used for the quick, loss-free grinding of hard, brittle and fibrous materials to analytical fineness.
Green Chemistry in the LabMechanochemistry is a very effective method to carry out syntheses without solvents and by-products. The technical literature describes a great number of reactions where a conversion of 100% is achieved. A precondition for the establishment of mechanochemistry in the industrial sector is the availability of suitable laboratory mills. A decisive factor is that – similar to conventional preparative chemistry – ambient parameters such as pressure and temperature can be documented and monitored. The Planetary Ball Mills and Mixer Mills from Retsch fulfill these requirements.
Making Whole Cell Extract of Saccharomyces cerevisiaePreparation at the Courtesy of the Staley Lab at the University of Chicago
Preparation of Soil, Sewage Sludge and Sediment Samples in a Wastewater Treatment LaboratoryThe preparation of a mixture of organic and inorganic samples holds some difficulties: whereas sand, clay and stones can usually be ground to homogeneous samples with suitable laboratory mills, the high energy input can cause samples with organic components such as fat or starch to cake. Carsten Bunn, a laboratory technician at the waste water treatment laboratory BRW, has to deal with this problem every day. He treats samples which are taken from the sand traps of the wastewater treatment plants and consist of exactly that mixture. The sediments of household and industry waste water not only contain sand, clay or leaves but anything that people nowadays dispose of through the sewer system: cellulose, hair and especially food residues.
Reliable sample preparation in food technologyAn efficient sample preparation procedure for rapid, reliable and reproducible analytical results is becoming increasingly important today. Ever more stringent requirements are being set both in research and production, e.g. for product monitoring and quality control.
Sample Preparation of Electronic Scrap in the Context of RoHS and WEEESince August 2004 new EU directives for the disposal of used electrical and electronic appliances as well as the restricted use of certain hazardous substances in these devices have become effective.
Sample Preparation of Plastics for X-Ray-Fluorescence AnalysisThe elemental analysis of plastics has become more and more important. EC directive 91/338/EWG regulates the ban of cadmium in PVC, EC directive 94/62/EC defines limits for cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury in packing materials and EC directive 2000/53/EC defines limits for the same elements in end-of-life vehicles. This has created a strong need for a rapid and reliable testing method.
Sample preparation of electronic scrap with SM 2000 and ZM 200RETSCH mills in the context of RoHS and WEEE
Size reduction within the context of sample preparationIn general “size reduction” is taken to mean the disintegration of solid substances by mechanical forces without altering their state.
The Representative Sample Preparation of WasteNow that a certain environmental awareness has developed in the population over the past few years, our efforts are geared not only to avoiding waste, but also to reducing the mountains of waste which still arise by means of raw material recovery and the reintroduction of secondary raw materials into the industrial cycle.
The preparation of samples of solid substances for spectroscopic analysisX-ray fluorescence spectrometry is one of the most versatile multi-element methods of chemical analysis. The technique is based on excitation of fluorescent radiation from a sample by bombarding it with high energy X-ray quanta and subsequent study of the characteristic X-ray radiation emitted by its elements.
Tracking down hazardous substances (RoHS/WEEE)Preparing electronic waste for obtaining representative analytical samples.
A solution for converting an electrical appliance into a meaningful analytical sample is described using a remote-controlled toy car as an example.
Tamiser
Fine Tuning Sieve Analysis for Accurate Particle Size MeasurementAll to often, this useful method is overlooked. But if followed, these principles deliver accurate and reliable results at an affordable price.
Investigation of the reproducibility of projection sieving operationsIn a development project the task was to reduce the production-related effort of the vibration drives of sieve shakers for the different mains frequencies of 50 Hz and 60 Hz respectively.
Put the squeeze onSieving is cost effective for particle sizes greater than 75 μ, although the technique can be used for some materials of smaller size if the method can be validated. Assuming the relevant standards and clean, wellmaintained equipment that conforms to the standards are used, sieving can provide an accurate and reproducible measure of particle size distribution within a sample.
Reproducible Sieving in the Shortest Possible TimeDespite the rapid development of modern optical particle measuring techniques, classical sieving analysis is still at the forefront for the practical quality assurance of bulk goods.
The Basic Principles of Sieve AnalysisMany natural and manufactured materials occur in a disperse form, which means that they consist of differently shaped and sized particles. The particle size distribution, i.e. the number of particles of different sizes, is responsible for important physical and chemical properties.
Assister
Cement - representative sample preparation is importantTo produce high-quality cement, the mineralogical and chemical composition of raw materials as well as intermediate and finished products has to be determined. At each stage of the production, samples have to be taken, processed and analysed to ensure quality control without gaps. Retsch offers a range of instruments that are used for sample preparation during the complete production process, from the quarrying of the raw materials to the final product. The typical sample preparation process involves preliminary size reduction, sample division and fine size reduction before the sample can be submitted to further analyses....
Comparative investigations on spinning rifflersThe influence of the degree of mixing of the material and the influence of the operating data of the apparatus were investigated in two spinning rifflers.
Fine Tuning Sieve Analysis for Accurate Particle Size MeasurementAll to often, this useful method is overlooked. But if followed, these principles deliver accurate and reliable results at an affordable price.
Put the squeeze onSieving is cost effective for particle sizes greater than 75 μ, although the technique can be used for some materials of smaller size if the method can be validated. Assuming the relevant standards and clean, wellmaintained equipment that conforms to the standards are used, sieving can provide an accurate and reproducible measure of particle size distribution within a sample.
Sample Preparation of Plastics for X-Ray-Fluorescence AnalysisThe elemental analysis of plastics has become more and more important. EC directive 91/338/EWG regulates the ban of cadmium in PVC, EC directive 94/62/EC defines limits for cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury in packing materials and EC directive 2000/53/EC defines limits for the same elements in end-of-life vehicles. This has created a strong need for a rapid and reliable testing method.
The Representative Sample Preparation of WasteNow that a certain environmental awareness has developed in the population over the past few years, our efforts are geared not only to avoiding waste, but also to reducing the mountains of waste which still arise by means of raw material recovery and the reintroduction of secondary raw materials into the industrial cycle.
The preparation of samples of solid substances for spectroscopic analysisX-ray fluorescence spectrometry is one of the most versatile multi-element methods of chemical analysis. The technique is based on excitation of fluorescent radiation from a sample by bombarding it with high energy X-ray quanta and subsequent study of the characteristic X-ray radiation emitted by its elements.
